THE INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY FOR PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
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CIRP Annals Online sorted by Year and Volume |
CIRP ANNALS 1999 |
GO TO STC: A C Dn E F G M O P S Cross-STC |
STC A |
| Integrated development of Assembly and Disassembly |
| E. Westkaemper (1) , K. Feldmann (1) , G. Reinhart (2) , G. Seliger (2) |
| STC A, 48/2/1999, P.557 |
| Keywords: assembly, disassembly, recycling |
|
Abstract : Manufacturers are becoming responsible for the complete life cycle of
products. As a consequence they have to industrialize the after sales
operations and the deproduction of products at the end of their lives.
Industrial disassembly is a successful business of many companies but
the main focus is the recycling of materials. Higher added value can be
reached by industrialization of disassembly for remanufacturing. To
activate the value of used components, new technologies for
remanufacturing and analysis are necessary. This include disassembly for
repair and reuse of parts and components. One main aspect of this paper
is the integration of assembly and disassembly. Objectives, requirements
and technical solutions for flexible or hybrid systems and aspects of
planing and quality are discussed. The paper gives some perspectives to
future research in the field of remanufacturing. |
STC C |
| Coated tools for metal cutting: features and applications |
| F. Klocke (1) , T. Krieg |
| STC C, 48/2/1999, P.515 |
| Keywords: Machining, Tool Coating, Tribology |
|
Abstract : Demands on products and production processes are the driving factors
behind developments in today's cut255ting technologies. Innovations such
as the application of advanced work material concepts, together with
needs for non-pollutant machining processes, increased flexibility and
improved cost-effectiveness trigger the application of high performance
processes, imposing higher stresses on tools. This often reveals
inade255quate wear resistance in conventional tool materials. Coating
technology is one means of achieving a crucial enhancement in tool
performance. However, there is such a huge variety of available coating
materials, coating structures and coating processes that careful
selection of a suitable coating system is essential. Us255ing accessible
know-how concerning coated cutting tools and their behaviour in a wide
range of different machining tasks, the paper shows methods to test,
evaluate and influence the properties of tool coatings. Applying this
know-how may contribute to improving the systematic selection and
development of coatings for specialised cutting operations. |
STC Dn |
| Virtual and Augmented Reality Technologies for Product Realization |
| S.C.-Y. Lu (2) , M. Shpitalni (1) , R. Bar-Or, R. Gadh |
| STC Dn, 48/2/1999, P.471 |
| Keywords: Design and Manufacturing, Product development and realization, Virtual and augmented realities |
|
Abstract : Our society expects engineers to develop products that are affordable,
functional and sustainable. Effective product realization methods and
tools are the answers to these societal expectations. In this paper, a
new type of CAE tools, called virtual and augmented reality
technologies, is introduced, reviewed and examined to reveal their great
potentials in product realization. Specific areas where these emerging
technologies can make a big difference are highlighted to illustrate the
possible new paradigms of product realization. Subjects that require
continuing R&D efforts to mature the technologies for real-world
engineering applications are also identified. Both product development
engineers and virtual reality researchers should find this paper
valuable to guide their efforts in developing a common road map for
joint explorations. It is anticipated that the results from these joint
explorations will enable engineers to deliver new products to the
society across the time, space and other boundaries with high efficiency
and great ease in the future. |
STC E |
| New Developments in Electro-Chemical Machining |
| K.P Rajurkar (2) , D. Zhu, J.A. McGeough (1) , J. Kozak, A. De Silva |
| STC E, 48/2/1999, P.567 |
| Keywords: Electro-chemical machining, Research, Development |
|
Abstract : Electrochemical machining (ECM) has traditionally been used in highly
specialized fields such as those of the aerospace and defense
industries. It is now increasingly being applied in other industries
where parts with difficult-to-cut materials and complex geometry are
required. In this paper the latest advances are discussed, and the
principal issues in ECM development and related research are raised.
Developments in tool design, pulse current, micro-shaping, finishing,
numerically controlled, environmental concerns, hybrid processes, and
recent industrial applications, are covered. |
STC F |
| Metal Forming of Tubes and Sheets with Liquid and other flexible Media |
| D. Schmoeckel (1), M. Geiger (1), C. Hielscher, R. Huber |
| STC F, 48/2/1999, P.497 |
| Keywords: hydroforming, internal high pressure forming, lightweight construction |
|
Abstract : Due to the increasing pollution of our environment, the legal demands
are getting stricter. Especially the automobile industry needs new
production methods for cars with reduced pollutants without a
significant cost increase. To solve this problem, the car producers
started to design cars with integrated lightweight structures, in order
to reduce the total weight of the cars. This weight reduction can be
realized by using new materials, new manufacturing methods or the
modification of well-known manufacturing methods. The metal forming with
flexible media is one of these new technologies. Especially the section
of metal forming with liquids, also called hydroforming, has gained an
important position among the traditional manufacturing methods. This
keynote paper provides an overview of this technology and shows the
recent developments especially for the internal high pressure forming,
which is a subgroup of hydroforming. |
STC G |
| Friction, Cooling and Lubrication in Grinding |
| E. Brinksmeier (1) , C. Heinzel, M. Wittmann |
| STC G, 48/2/1999, P.581 |
| Keywords: Grinding, Coolant, Lubrication |
|
Abstract : It is generally considered that the heat produced during the grinding
process is critical in terms of workpiece quality. Relatively high
friction effects in abrasive machining cause heat generation which can
lead to thermal damage in the surface layer of a machined part; cooling
and lubrication therefore play a decisive role during grinding. The
keynote paper shows the effect of coolant type, coolant composition and
coolant supply on grinding processes and process results. Further
investigations in the fields of fluid dynamic processes in supply
nozzles and in the grinding zone are the key to optimization of cooling
and lubrication during grinding, thus offering the chance to minimize
the amount of coolant in circulation, leading to a reduction of adverse
environmental effects and cost. |
STC M |
| Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems |
| Y. Koren (1), U. Heisel (2), F. Jovane (1), T. Moriwaki (1), G. Pritschow (1), G. Ulsoy (2), H. Van Brussel (1) |
| STC M, 48/2/1999, P.527 |
| Keywords: Reconfiguration, Manufacturing system, Machine tools |
|
Abstract : Manufacturing companies in the 21 st Century will face unpredictable,
high-frequency market changes driven by global competition. To stay
competitive, these companies must possess new types of manufacturing
systems that are cost-effective and very responsive to all these market
changes. Reconfigurability, an engineering tech255nology that deals with
cost-effective, quick reaction to market changes, is needed.
Reconfigurable manufactur255ing systems (RMS), whose components are
reconfigurable machines and reconfigurable controllers, as well as
methodologies for their systematic design and rapid ramp-up, are the
cornerstones of this new manufacturing paradigm. |
STC O |
| Teams -What's next From fragmentation and Consciousness to Responsiveness by Competence Management for Modular Manufacturing Learning |
| A. Kjellberg (2) |
| STC O, 48/2/1999, P.599 |
| Keywords: Management, Human Factor, Cooperative Work (Teams, Competence, Learning, Organization) |
|
Abstract : Competence Management Strategies in combination with Learning Principles
and Modular Manufacturing Principles will constitute a solid base for
the future structuring of teams, Top Performance Teams. This base is
here called the Modular Manufacturing Learning principle. Competence
Management for the handling of company specific Professional, Business
and Social competence will be required but this will not be enough.
Three Critical Company Capabilities - commitment, shared mindsets and
innovation - are expected to be demanded, to become the company core
Excellence Competence. This can be expressed as the employee handling of
the 'why-what-how' for development of Holistic understanding,
Consciousness and Responsiveness. Furthermore, development and sharing
of the company core Excellence Values is vital for the new atmosphere
and culture, all part of a paradigm shift; a deepened focus on premises
for team Learning and Competence development. In addition to this a new
sort of team is likely to develop, Teams of Excellence. These teams,
unique in time and set-up, are expected to be the excellent problem
solvers, to further enhance and add to the team innovative work in
specific. They will be organized in a complementary, cell-like, 'added
structure', an additional type of teams. Team competence to fulfil
business needs - to be able to act on changes in customer requirements,
of markets, of strategies, etc. - increase company values and secure
company survival, will be pressed for. Thus, also Excellence Specialists
- having personally designed roles, combined with personal job
assignments - are expected to be needed in order to further support the
teams in developing innovative competence, team competence as well as
individual competence, enhanced to excellence. |
STC P |
| Measurement as Inference: Fundamental Ideas |
| W.T. Estler (2) |
| STC P, 48/2/1999, P.611 |
| Keywords: dimensional metrology, measurement uncertainty, information |
|
Abstract : We review the logical basis of inference as distinct from deduction, and
show that measurements in general, and dimensional metrology in
particular, are best viewed as exercises in probable inference:
reasoning from incomplete information. The result of a measurement is a
probability distribution that provides an unambiguous encoding of one's
state of knowledge about the measured quantity. Such states of knowledge
provide the basis for rational decisions in the face of uncertainty. We
show how simple requirements for rationality, consistency, and accord
with common sense lead to a set of unique rules for combining
probabilities and thus to an algebra of inference. Methods of assigning
probabilities and application to measurement, calibration, and
industrial inspection are discussed. |
STC S |
| "Structured", "textured" or "engineered" surfaces |
| C. Evans (2), J. Bryan (1) |
| STC S, 48/2/1999, P.541 |
| Keywords: surface metrology, manufacturing, structured surfaces, micro-optics |
|
Abstract : Fine scale, periodic structures offer designers additional freedom to
create novel functions or combinations of functions. This emerging field
of "structured" surfaces is poorly defined. This paper attempts to
define "structured" surfaces, and then to provide examples of such
surfaces for a variety of applications. Manufacturing and metrology are
also discussed. |